He rerekē ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana mō te aromatawai me te whakamātautau i ngā whakapūmau konutea konutea PVC, i runga i te mahi a ēnei. I te nuinga o te wā, e rua ngā tikanga matua: te tikanga pumau me te tikanga hihiri. Kei roto i te tikanga pumau te tikanga pepa whakamātautau whero o Congo, te whakamātautau oumu tawhito, me te tikanga kaha hiko, ko te tikanga hihiri ia kei roto te whakamātautau rheometer taipana me te whakamātautau takahuri takirua hihiri.
1. Tikanga Pepa Whakamātautau Whero o Congo
Mā te whakamahi i te kaukau hinu me te glycerol kua whakauruhia ki roto, ka whakaranua te PVC hei whakamātautau kia ōrite ki te whakapūmau wera, ā, ka whakanohoia ki roto i tētahi ngongo whakamātautau iti. Ka rūrūtia te rauemi kia mārō, kātahi ka whakanohoia ki roto i tētahi kaukau hinu. Ka whakatakotoria te pāmahana o te glycerol i roto i te kaukau hinu whakapūmau konutea PVC ki te 170 ℃, kia ōrite te mata o runga o te rauemi PVC i roto i te ngongo whakamātautau iti ki te mata o runga o te glycerol. I runga ake i te ngongo whakamātautau iti, ka whakauruhia he mono me te ngongo karāhe angiangi, ā, ka mārama te ngongo karāhe mai i runga ki raro. Ka hurihia te pepa whakamātautau whero Congo ka whakauruhia ki raro i te ngongo karāhe, kia tata ki te henimita te tawhiti o te taha o raro o te pepa whakamātautau whero Congo mai i te taha o runga o te rauemi PVC. I muri i te tīmatanga o te whakamātautau, tuhia te wā mai i te wā i whakanohoia ai te rīpene whakamātautau whero Congo ki roto i te ngongo whakamātautau tae noa ki te wā e kikorangi ana, koinei te wā pumau wera. Ko te ariā matua o tēnei whakamātautau ko te tere o te pirau o te PVC i te pāmahana o te 170 ℃, engari nā te tāpiri o te whakapūmau wera, ka aukatihia tōna pirau. I te haere o te wā, ka pau te whakapūmau wera. Kia oti te paunga, ka tere te pirau o te PVC, ka tukuna te hau HCl. I tēnei wā, ka huri te tae o te matū whero Congo i roto i te ngongo whakamātautau nā te ngāwari o te tauhohenga ki te HCl. Tuhia te wā i tēnei wā, ka aromatawai i te whai huatanga o te whakapūmau wera i runga i te roa o te wā.
2. Whakamātautau oumu pumau
Whakaritea ngā tauira ranunga tere-tere o te paura PVC me ētahi atu āwhina tukatuka (pēnei i ngā hinu whakahinuhinu, ngā whakarerekē pānga, ngā whakakī, me ētahi atu) hei tāpiri atu ki ngā whakaū konutea konutea PVC. Tangohia he nui o te tauira i runga ake nei, tāpirihia ngā whakaū wera rerekē ki te whakaū konutea konutea konutea PVC i roto i tētahi ōwehenga, whakaranua kia pai, kātahi ka tāpirihia ki te ranunga piri rua.
Ko te whakarite i ngā wahi whakamātautau i runga i te mīhini whakaranu ka mahia whānuitia me te kore e tāpiri i ngā mea whakapūmau. Ko te pāmahana o te takai takirua ka whakatakotoria ki te 160-180 ℃, ā, i te tāpiri i ngā mea whakapūmau, ko te pāmahana o te takai he tata ki te 140 ℃. Mā te pēhi tonu ki ngā rākau e rua, ka puta he tauira PVC ōrite, ā, muri iho ka tapahia kia puta he tauira PVC o tētahi rahi kei roto ngā mea whakapūmau wera rerekē. Whakatakotoria ngā wahi whakamātautau PVC rerekē ki runga i tētahi taputapu pumau, kātahi ka whakanohoia ki roto i te oumu pāmahana pumau (180 ℃ te nuinga). Tuhia te huringa tae o ngā wahi whakamātautau i ia 10 meneti, i ia 15 meneti rānei kia pango rā anō.
Mā roto i ngā whakamātautau pakeketanga oumu, ka taea te whakatau i te whai huatanga o ngā whakaū wera ki te pumau wera o te PVC, inā koa ko tō rātou kaha ki te pehi i ngā huringa tae. E whakaponohia whānuitia ana ina werahia te PVC, ka pāngia te tae e te raupapa o ngā huringa mai i te mārama ki te pōuri, tae atu ki te mā, te kōwhai, te parauri, te mangu. Ka taea te whakatau i te āhua o te pirau e te tae o te PVC i roto i tētahi wā.
3. Tikanga pūmanawa hiko (tikanga kawe hiko)
E whā ngā wāhanga o te taputapu whakamātautau. Ko te taha matau he taputapu hau kore mahi, e whakamahi ana i te hauota, engari i ētahi wā he hau anō hoki. Ko te rerekētanga, ina whakamahia te tiaki hauota, ka taea e te PVC concentrate stabilizer te karo i te pakaru o ngā mekameka whaea PVC i puta mai i te waikura hāora i te hau. Ko te taputapu whakamahana whakamātautau he kaukau hinu i te 180 ℃ te nuinga. Ka whakanohoia he ranunga PVC me ngā whakaū wera ki roto i te kaukau hinu. Ina puta te hau HCl, ka uru ki te otinga NaOH i te taha maui me te hau kore mahi. Ka tere te mimiti a NaOH i te HCl, ka huri te uara pH o te otinga. Mā te tuhi i ngā huringa o te mita pH i roto i te wā, ka taea te whakatau i te pānga o ngā whakaū wera rerekē. I roto i ngā hua whakamātautau, ka wehea te pihi pH-t i whiwhihia mā te tukatuka ki te wā whakaoho me te wā tipu, ā, ka rerekē te roa o te wā whakaoho i runga i te whai huatanga o te whakaū wera.
4. Rheometer taipana
Ko te rheometer taipana he taputapu iti noa e whakaata ana i te tukatuka tuturu o te PVC. He pouaka tukatuka kua kati kei waho o te taputapu, ā, ka taea te whakahaere i te pāmahana o te pouaka tukatuka me te tere o ngā roera o roto e rua mā te rorohiko e hono ana ki te taputapu. Ko te papatipu rauemi e tāpirihia ana ki te rheometer taipana he 60-80 karamu te nuinga, e rerekē ana i runga i ngā tauira taputapu rerekē. Ko ngā mahi whakamātautau e whai ake nei: te whakarite i te puranga matua kei roto ngā momo whakaū wera rerekē i mua, ā, ko te tikanga matua ko te ACR me te PVC CPE, CaCO3, TiO, Hinu, me ētahi atu. Ka whakatakotoria te rheometer taipana ki te pāmahana i mua. Ina tae ki te pāmahana kua tohua, ā, ka pumau te tere, ka tāpirihia te ranunga paunatia ki te pouaka tukatuka, ka kati wawe, ā, ka tuhia ngā tawhā rerekē ki te rorohiko hono, koinei te pihi rheological. I muri i te tukatuka, ka taea hoki te whiwhi i ngā āhuatanga āhua rerekē o te rauemi kua puta, pērā i te mā, te āhua o te hanganga, te maeneene, me ētahi atu. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei tawhā, ka taea te whakatau i te kaha ahumahi o te whakaū wera e rite ana. Me whai wā tika te whakapūmau wera me te wā whakapūmau kirihou, ā, me pai te āhua o te hua, me te mā nui, me te mata maeneene. Kua hangaia e te rheometer taipana he piriti watea i waenga i te rangahau taiwhanga me te whakaputanga nui o te ahumahi.
5. Whakamātautau hurihuri takirua hihiri
Hei momo tikanga āwhina mō te ine hihiri i te pānga o ngā whakapūmau wera, ka whakamahia ngā roera takirua hihiri i te korenga o te rheometer, ā, ka tīpakohia he taputapu pēhi papa roera takirua i roto i te whakamātautau. Tāpirihia te paura whakaranu tere-rahi ki roto, ka pēhi kia rite ki te āhua. Whakaputaina te tauira i whiwhihia kia maha ngā wā. Kia mangu rā anō te wahi whakamātautau, tuhia te wā e pau ana kia mangu katoa, e kiia nei ko te wā mangu. Hei whakatau i te pānga pumau wera o ngā whakapūmau wera rerekē ki te PVC mā te whakatairite i te roa o te mangu.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-20-2024
